Association on flying machine of compressor-jet units with ramjet units



Dec. 11, 1951 M. ROY 2,577,919

ASSOCIATION ON FLEYING MACHINE OF COMPRESSOR-JET UNITS WITH RAM-JETUNITS Filed July '7, 1948 INIVQ'NTOR Patented Dec. 11, 1951 uulraoSTATES PATENT OFFICE ASSOCIATION N FLYING momma or comaussoa-m'r mvrrswrrn RAM- JET UNITS Maurice oy, Paris, France, assignor to SocieteNatlona d'Etudc et de Construction de Motenrs dAviation, Paris, France,a company of France A pummu July 1, 1948, Serial No. 37,328 In FranceJuly 22, 1947 2 Claims. (Cl. 60-35.6)

a double alternative feed as defined hereinabove and housed inside awing or tail fin for producing a blast of air on the leading edge of ahigh-lift flap or of a controlled flap. As my invention allows ensuringeven at low speeds the feeding of a ram jet unit, such a blowing of airis thus useful at such speeds where the high lift effect is particularlysought for, chiefly for taking off or landing or a lighting on sea.

My invention relates to the associated applica- I tion. with a view to avery high speed of flight, of ram-jet units with compressor jet units ofthe first type cited above. It consists when the direct collection ofair by the ram-jet units is not sufficient for produing a compressionensuring a suitable for the suction of the boundary layers on thesurfaces of the flying machine, chiefly through the agency of an ejectorassociated with the according to applicant's copending applicatiohSerial No. 37,327, filed July 7, 1948, and entitled Improvements inmeans for sucking in the boundary layers on the surfaces of reaction jetflying machines, the present inven-.

tion covers also the simultaneous application of such sucking means bothto the jet units incorporating mechanical compressors'as to the ramjetunits associated therewith. This leads in particular to the possibilityof providing advantageously for the suction of the boundary layers atvarltius points of the flying machine through the rant-Jet unitsoperating directly or else, according to circumstances as provided forby the invention, fed with compressed air; said ram jet units show theadvantage of being located as required by reason of their small bulk andweight very near the suction slots for. the boundary layers and ofexhausting the air sucked in in the very wake of the wing portions, tailfin or fairing from which the boundary layer has been removed.

My invention covers also the use of at least part of the Jet of aram-jet unit provided with The following description and accompanyingdrawing will allow ascertaining how my invention may be executed, thefeatures appearing both in the drawing and in the specification formingobviously part of said invention. In said drawing:

Fig. 1 illustrates diagrammatically an embodiment of a conventionalturbo-jet unit shown merely in axial half cross section as associatedwith ram-jet unit in the sails or wings.

Fig. 2 is a view on an enlarged scale of the front portion of theram-Jet units forming part of the preceding arrangement.

Returning to Fig. 1, it shows by way of example a turbo-Jet unit of thedirect fiow type with a front intake of air at I, an axial compressor 2.combustion chambers 3 and gas turbine H adapted to drive the compressor.0n the downstream end, the nozzle 8l provides for the exhaust of thereaction jet through the rear cross section 8. In order to modify thekinetic power of the jet according to the useful power required for theturbine, the cross section I may be adjusted through any suitable meanssuch as a hollow needle valve 9 that is allowed to slide between theposition iilustrated in solid lines and the position shown in dot anddash lines at I. through the agency of the pressure of oil located oneither side of a stationary inner piston ll, said pressure beingadjusted by means of a distributor that may be controlled automaticallyor otherwise.

At the delivery endof the compressor 3, a removal of air is madepossible through the operation of movable shutters or valves, theoutline of which is designed so as to restrict to a minimum the eddiesand losses of load in the main flow of air and in the shunt flow. I haveillustrated in Fig. 1 an embodiment of such a shutter constituted by aflap valve i3 adapted to move into the position it according to theoutput to be obtained. This flap valve shunts off a part of the flow ofcompressed air into a chamber I! in relationship through the pipes IIillustrated in broken lines and embedded inside the body of the flyingmachine, with a corresponding cham- 3berllupstreamwithreiereneetotheburnersil oi the ram-jet unit Ii. II, 24shown cross sectionaily.saidunitbeinghous'edinsidethethickness ot awing.

Whenthisram-ietunitistobei'edbythe compressor 2 oi the turbo-Jet unit.its diflusor Ii isclosedbytheshiitingoithemovableshutter II. that closesotherwise the comction of pipes II and chamber 20 with the ram-Jet unit.

Fig.2iilustratesonalargersealeanexamplc of execution of the double i'eedprovided !or the ram-jet unit.

Thenormalairintakeassumingtheshapeoi a irontintakesiotintheleadingedgeoi the wing maybeclosedbyacoverors'huttersuchasil pivotaily securedat Ii and that when shiited away from the opening at 81 opens wide theinput into the ram-Jet unit. At the same time the iiap or shutter 28pivotally secured at It closes iiuidtightiy through the saency oi anelastic packing suchasilandllthediiiusorandsetsthecompartment is ied bythe'compressor oi the turbo- Jet unit in communication with thecombustion chamber 28 of the ramiet unit.

The association oi the turbo-Jet unit and ram- .iet unit ted in themanner disclosed forms thus a reaction jet plant with a double how 0!air. the separation between the flows being obtained through a controlof the communication established between chambers 20 and il.

At higher speeds. the iiap valve ll recedes into the position 21 inwhich position it bears asainst a 'iiuidtisht packing I1 audit is lockedin said position through any known or suitable means. By closing thevalve II the communica-- whiehineludesanairinletirentsectienopmingsection intotheannespheraareardischargeietandacombustionchambsrbetweensaidssctims. a compressor-jet unit iorproducing a propsliing thrustatleastiorthetaking-oiioitheaircraitand-havinganaircompressor,powermeansior driving the'ssme and a reardischarge node. piping means'connecting the delivering sidsotsaidcompressortoapointinsaidductlocated between said inlet iront'sectionand said cembustion chambenvaivemeansior controliingtheoutputoi'airunderpressuredeliveredbysaid comprusorintosaidb vilmeanavalvemeans associated withsaidiniettront section iorwardlyoisaidpointioropeningorclosing said inietirgtsectionandothervalvemeansarraugedatsaidpointiorclosingandopeningsaidmmeans attheiriunetionwithsaidduet.

3. The combination ct claim 1 wherein said last-namedvalvemeansccmprbean csciilaflm shutter pivotally mounted in said ductiorwsrdly oiiheiu'nctionoisaidpipingmeansandsaidduet,saidshutterbeingadapted i'orclosingsaid piping means when it opensthe trout section of saidductandinverseiyiorcpeningsaidpiping means whenitcloses said front section.

mimic: nor.-

ammces crrm Theioliowing reierencesareotrecordin the iileotthispatent:

um'rm BTATIS PAW

